Apple Pay Casino in Canada: How It Works, Where It Fails, and What Changed
Few things in Canadian online gambling are as quietly divisive as Apple Pay. No one puts it on a billboard. No affiliate page leads with it as the headline bonus. Yet every week, a decent share of players on my desk ask the same question: which casino actually takes Apple Pay, and why does the option vanish at the last second. The answer sits at the intersection of Apple’s own policies, Canadian payment rails, and the fact that Ontario’s regulated market opened on April 4, 2022, while the rest of the country kept living in a looser offshore-heavy reality.
This guide covers what an Apple Pay casino really is, how the deposit mechanics work under the hood, which operator profile fits Apple Pay in Canada right now, and why the experience differs depending on whether you are in Toronto or Vancouver. I will also take the long view: how Canadian iGaming payments evolved from Interac’s dominance to Apple’s slow entry, and where the friction points remain in 2026. Expect tables, concrete brands, and a straight answer to the question most guides dodge: Apple Pay deposits at a casino are rarely instant for the operator, even when they feel instant for you.
What an Apple Pay Casino Actually Is
An Apple Pay casino is any licensed online gambling site that lists Apple Pay among its deposit methods for Canadian players. The definition sounds trivial. The operational reality is not. There is no technical difference between Apple Pay at a grocery store and Apple Pay at an online casino. Apple Pay acts as a tokenization layer over an existing Visa or Mastercard debit or credit card stored in the Wallet app. The casino receives neither your card number nor your name in the same way a standard card deposit exposes it. That isolation is the core value proposition.
But Apple never positions itself as a casino payment provider. Apple processes nothing directly. The casino signs up with a payment service provider that has negotiated Apple Pay access through the card networks. The casino’s back office sees a deposit attempt from an Apple Pay token. Whether that token clears depends on the issuing bank, not on Apple. That distinction explains most of the confusion around failed Apple Pay casino transactions in Canada.
In practical terms, an Apple Pay casino looks identical to any modern casino. The only visible signal is a small Apple Pay badge in the cashier, usually next to Visa, Mastercard, Interac, and the handful of e-wallets that still operate in the market. The deposit completes via Face ID, Touch ID, or device passcode. The casino credits the funds within seconds when it works. When it does not work, the bank declines the token in the background, and the player sees a generic error. Now you understand the primary source of online complaint threads.
How Apple Pay Differs From a Regular Card Deposit
The main difference is card anonymity. Apple Pay generates a device account number specific to your iPhone and the chosen card. The merchant never sees the real primary account number. For players who hesitate to enter card details into a casino cashier, Apple Pay removes one layer of exposure. The catch is that the token still routes through the Visa or Mastercard network, which means any card network policy on gambling merchants applies unchanged.
Why Some Canadian Casinos Drop Apple Pay Without Notice
Operators rarely announce when they remove a payment method. Apple Pay availability can disappear because the processor changes, the acquiring bank reclassifies gambling transactions, or the casino’s compliance team decides tokenized card deposits create more chargeback exposure than they are worth. Since Apple Pay deposits behave like card-not-present transactions for the operator, certain chargeback rules still apply, even if the user experience feels cleaner than typing in a PAN.
The Long Retrospective: How Canadian Casino Payments Got Here
To understand why Apple Pay adoption in Canadian online casinos looks scattered in 2026, you have to rewind to the period before 2022. For years, the practical Canadian online gambling market ran on offshore operators. Interac Online, card payments, and later Interac e-Transfer served as the de facto rails. Apple Pay was not in the conversation. The reasons were structural, not technical. Most offshore operators targeted Canada with processing set up in Europe or the Caribbean. Apple Pay barely existed outside iOS-adjacent merchant categories in those corridors.
Then Ontario changed the game. On April 4, 2022, iGaming Ontario went live under the regulatory umbrella of the Alcohol and Gaming Commission of Ontario, known as the AGCO. For the first time, private operators could launch regulated online casino and sportsbook products inside a Canadian province under provincial oversight. The launch drew operators like BetMGM, PointsBet, FanDuel, and LeoVegas into a locally licensed environment. Payment stacks suddenly had to be rebuilt around Canadian banking preferences.
That rebuild is where Apple Pay began to appear. Local processors such as Nuvei, PayNearMe, and Mollie expanded Apple Pay support for regulated gaming merchants. The difference, though, is that not every licensee flipped the switch. Some avoided Apple Pay because of settlement timing. Others added it only for sportsbook deposits but not casino wallets. The result by 2026 is a fragmented market: Apple Pay is common inside the Ontario regulated sphere for some brands, while still absent at a long list of offshore-style operators that dominate non-Ontario provinces.
Before 2022: A Grey Market With Limited Payment Choice
The pre-regulated era was defined by two facts. First, almost every online casino serving Canada operated with a licence from jurisdictions like Malta, Kahnawake, or Curaçao. Second, payment methods were limited to what those offshore processors could support. Apple Pay was not part of that stack. Canadian players mostly deposited via credit cards, bank transfers, or e-wallets like Skrill and Neteller. The friction was real, but the market accepted it because no local alternative existed outside provincial lottery sites.
After 2022: Regulation, Speed, and Apple’s Quiet Entry
The Ontario launch forced licensed operators to support mainstream Canadian payment methods. Interac remained the backbone. Apple Pay arrived as an addition, not a replacement. Its appeal was obvious for mobile-first players, especially in the under-40 demographic that already used Apple Pay for transit and contactless payments. The rollout, however, was uneven. Some operators integrated it for deposits only, not withdrawals. Others avoided it entirely because chargeback rules on tokenized card transactions still expose them to risk.
Where Apple Pay Fits in Canada’s Casino Landscape
Canada is not one market for online gambling. Ontario is the only province with a fully independent private licensed iGaming regime. British Columbia operates PlayNow under lottery control. Quebec runs Espacejeux through Loto-Québec. Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan rely on PlayAlberta, PlayNow Manitoba, and SaskGaming. The Atlantic provinces and the territories are smaller jurisdictions. In most of these, the private online casino experience still comes from offshore operators, because provincial lottery sites do not offer the same slot library depth from studios like Pragmatic Play, NetEnt, Microgaming, Play’n GO, or Hacksaw Gaming.
Apple Pay therefore means different things in different provinces. In Ontario, you find Apple Pay on regulated casino apps and mobile sites from operators holding an iGaming Ontario agreement. In a province like Nova Scotia or New Brunswick, a player asking about Apple Pay casinos is effectively asking about offshore sites. Those sites may or may not offer Apple Pay depending on their processing stack. The presence of Apple Pay is not a proxy for local regulatory status, which is a point many affiliate pages gloss over.
Ontario: The Cleanest Apple Pay Experience
Ontario-licensed casinos must meet rigourous KYC, responsible gambling, and payment integrity standards. The payment experience tends to be more transparent. Apple Pay deposits typically clear against Visa and Mastercard tokens processed through Canadian acquirers. Withdrawals still generally route back to bank accounts or Interac, not to Apple Pay, because Apple Pay is not a withdrawal rail. That asymmetry surprises players who assume a deposit method automatically supports cashouts.
Rest of Canada: Offshore Processing, Variable Results
Outside Ontario, the Apple Pay experience depends on the casino’s processor. Some Malta-licensed operators serving Canada have added Apple Pay for deposit convenience. Others have not, and likely will not, because their payment service provider lacks Apple Pay integration for gaming merchants. When a player reports that Apple Pay worked on one site but not another, the explanation is rarely the casino itself. It is the processing relationship sitting between Apple and the merchant.
Top Operators: Apple Pay Casino Profiles in Canada
The list below is not a ranked Top 10. It is a categorised read on operator profiles for Canadian players, with a focus on how Apple Pay interacts with each. I include brands from the broader Canadian conversation so you can see the pattern: some are Ontario regulated, some are offshore but popular, and some sit in between. All of them have Apple Pay availability that changes with processor agreements, so treat the status below as a snapshot, not a contract.
Jackpot City Casino
Jackpot City, part of the Bayton Ltd group, sits in the Casino Rewards network. It is a long-running brand with a solid Microgaming-based game library. For Canadian players, Jackpot City has generally offered a broad deposit stack including cards and Interac. Apple Pay presence depends on the casino’s current payment service provider. When enabled, deposits work through tokenized Visa and Mastercard. Withdrawals still land via bank transfer or supported e-wallets, which is the same limitation everywhere.
Spin Casino
Spin Casino shares the Casino Rewards infrastructure with Jackpot City and Zodiac. The brand focuses on Microgaming slots and progressive jackpots like Mega Moolah. Apple Pay coverage is similar: available through tokenized card rails when the processor supports it, typically for deposits only. The game library is a strong fit for Canadian slot players, and the mobile experience is competent, though not flashy.
Zodiac Casino
Zodiac has a narrower game selection than Spin or Jackpot City but remains popular in Canada because of the low deposit entry point. The $1 deposit offer is a classic acquisition funnel. Apple Pay is less commonly promoted at Zodiac because the tokenized card deposit often does not work with low minimum deposit flows on some processor setups. If you are after Apple Pay specifically, Zodiac is a site where you should test the cashier before committing.
Luxury Casino
Luxury Casino is another Casino Rewards property. It targets a different visual identity, but the payment rails are the same group infrastructure. Apple Pay, when live, behaves identically to the other Casino Rewards brands. The main difference is promotion structure and game emphasis. Expect a smooth mobile cashier if Apple Pay is listed, but do not assume it will always be there across every iOS version and region.
LeoVegas Casino
LeoVegas is a serious operator in the Ontario market under the AGCO regime. It also serves offshore jurisdictions. The mobile-first design makes Apple Pay a natural fit when the payment processor supports it. LeoVegas carries games from NetEnt, Pragmatic Play, Evolution, and a range of other providers. In Ontario, the KYC process is explicit and supervised. Deposit speed is exactly what you would expect from a regulated operator: fast to credit, slower to verify on first withdrawal.
PlayOjo Casino
PlayOjo has built its brand around a no-wagering approach on its own promotions. It operates in Ontario and elsewhere. The payment stack includes standard Canadian options. Apple Pay is live in some PlayOjo markets, though not consistently across all Canadian provinces. The game library is broad, with strong slots from Play’n GO, NetEnt, and Pragmatic Play, plus an Evolution live casino layer.
Betway Casino
Betway runs both a sportsbook and a casino product. In Ontario, Betway operates under local licensing. The casino offers a solid selection of slots, table games, and live dealer content. Apple Pay has been part of the deposit mix depending on the payment provider. Players using the Betway casino app on iOS will find the Apple Pay flow familiar if it is enabled for their account and region.
888 Casino
888 operates a different model: proprietary platform games plus third-party titles. The brand has a long history in the Canadian market, predominantly via offshore licensing. Apple Pay availability fluctuates. When present, it works through Visa and Mastercard tokens. The withdrawal side still relies on traditional rails. 888’s value for Canadian players is game variety and the reliability of the operator’s long track record, not particularly its payment innovation.
Comparison Table: Apple Pay Operator Snapshot
| Operator | Market Position | Apple Pay Deposit | Game Providers | Licence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jackpot City | Casino Rewards veteran | Variable by processor | Microgaming, Evolution | Malta/Kahnawake |
| Spin Casino | Progressive jackpot focus | Deposits only | Microgaming, NetEnt | Malta/Kahnawake |
| Zodiac Casino | Low deposit entry brand | Less consistent | Microgaming | Malta/Kahnawake |
| Luxury Casino | Premium skin, same rails | Deposits only | Microgaming, NetEnt | Malta/Kahnawake |
| LeoVegas | Mobile-first, Ontario licensed | Often available in ON | NetEnt, Pragmatic, Evolution | AGCO/iGO |
| PlayOjo | No-wagering positioning | Market-dependent | Play’n GO, Pragmatic, NetEnt | AGCO/iGO + offshore |
| Betway | Sportsbook plus casino | In-app, market-dependent | NetEnt, Evolution, Microgaming | AGCO/iGO + offshore |
| 888 Casino | Proprietary platform | Fluctuates | Proprietary, NetEnt, Pragmatic | Offshore licences |
The table above is deliberately plain. I did not include bonus amounts because those change too often and too aggressively across regions. The key insight is the pattern: Apple Pay is a deposit-only channel in nearly all cases, and the operators with the most consistent Apple Pay support tend to be the ones with strong mobile product teams, not the ones with the loudest welcome offers.
Payment Mechanics: What Happens After You Tap
When you deposit via Apple Pay at a Canadian online casino, the flow has more moving parts than players realise. The token, the card network, the issuing bank, the casino’s payment aggregator, and the casino’s own risk engine all have to align. Here is the sequence.
Your device creates a payment token tied to the selected card. The token is sent to the casino’s PSP. The PSP routes it through the card network as a network token transaction. The issuing bank runs its own checks: standing rules on gambling merchants, available funds, geographic flags, and in some cases a velocity check across multiple Apple Pay transactions in a short window. If the bank says no, the casino sees nothing useful and you see an error like “payment declined.” The casino cannot tell you why, because the decline originates upstream.
When the bank approves, the casino credits your balance. The operator, however, does not receive settlement instantly in most cases. Depending on the merchant account agreement, settlement for card-based deposits can take one to three business days. The casino fronts the credit to give you instant playability. That working capital burden is one reason some smaller operators avoid Apple Pay altogether. A casino with thin margins does not want to front deposits while waiting for the card network to settle.
Why Apple Pay Deposits Are Not Available for Withdrawals
Apple Pay is an authentication and tokenisation layer, not a settlement network. It rides the Visa and Mastercard payment rails. Card networks are built for purchases, not for disbursements. Casinos cannot push funds back through Apple Pay in any meaningful way. Withdrawals therefore go back to bank accounts, Interac e-Transfer, or supported e-wallets. This is not a casino policy; it is a structural constraint of the payment method.
Chargebacks and the Casino’s Reluctance
Because Apple Pay transactions are card transactions at the network level, they carry chargeback rules. A player who disputes a casino deposit through their bank creates the same chargeback flow as with any other card purchase. Casinos win some and lose some. Higher chargeback rates on gaming merchants make processors nervous. That nervousness gets priced into Apple Pay availability. It also explains why some casinos enable Apple Pay only for small deposits or only for certain customer segments.
Provincial Nuances: Ontario Versus Everyone Else
Ontario’s regulated iGaming market is the only place in Canada where private operators can hold a local licence with AGCO oversight. That creates a clear line. If you are in Ontario and playing at an Ontario-licensed operator, Apple Pay sits alongside Interac as a legitimate local deposit method. The operator has KYC obligations, a provincial self-exclusion program linked to iGaming Ontario, and payment integrity requirements. The experience is closer to what you would expect from an online bank.
In provinces without a private licensed iGaming framework, the situation is different. A player in Alberta or Manitoba looking at an offshore casino that takes Apple Pay is still dealing with an operator outside Canadian regulatory reach. That does not make the payments illegal for the player in most cases, but it does mean dispute resolution, responsible gambling obligations, and payout reliability are governed by foreign regulators. Apple Pay in that context is just a convenience layer, not a signal of local legitimacy.
Quebec adds another language dimension. French-language casino properties serving Quebec players have slowly added Apple Pay, but Interac remains the anchor in Quebec because of how deeply the debit culture runs there. British Columbia’s PlayNow, despite being a local regulated monopoly, has not made Apple Pay a headline feature. The provincial lottery sites generally lag on payment innovation compared to private Ontario operators.
Why Interac Still Beats Apple Pay in Most of Canada
Interac e-Transfer dominates Canadian online gambling for a simple reason: it is tied to the bank account directly and settles instantly from the player’s perspective. Apple Pay’s card-token architecture adds a layer but does not solve a problem Canadian players actually have. In a market where Interac works smoothly, Apple Pay is a convenience for iOS users, not a necessity. That dynamic keeps Apple Pay adoption lower in Canada than in markets without a strong bank-transfer culture.
When Apple Pay Makes Sense as a Deposit Choice
Apple Pay earns its place when a player wants to deposit from an iPhone without exposing card details to the casino. The tokenization angle matters to some users. It also matters when a player uses an Apple Card, though the Apple Card is not available in Canada. For Canadian players with a supported Visa or Mastercard in Wallet, Apple Pay is a fast, low-friction deposit option. But the benefit is marginal next to Interac for most Canadian players.
Game Experience: What You Play After the Apple Pay Deposit
The deposit method has no bearing on the game library, but the game library defines whether a casino is worth your Apple Pay token. Canadian players overwhelmingly start with slots, which is why every major operator carries a heavy rotation from studios like Pragmatic Play, NetEnt, Microgaming, Play’n GO, Hacksaw Gaming, and Evolution for live content. The slot engines are the same whether you deposited via Apple Pay, Interac, or a bank transfer.
A mobile-first slot like Book of Dead from Play’n GO runs identically in an Ontario-licensed app and an offshore site, as long as the operator has the proper distribution rights. The difference is not the game code. It is the operating environment: payout verification, responsible gambling triggers, deposit limits, and the speed at which the casino processes a withdrawal when you actually hit that rare bonus round that pays real money.
Live casino games deserve a separate line. Evolution, Pragmatic Live, and a few others supply the streaming studios. If you are playing on an iPhone via Apple Pay, Apple’s device performance has no impact on the stream quality. What matters is the operator’s CDN and the game provider’s bitrate. Some offshore operators compress the stream to save bandwidth. Ontario-licensed brands generally maintain a baseline that avoids the worst slowdowns. That said, a mid-tier offshore site with decent infrastructure can match them on any given night.
Slot Providers and the RTP Question
Casinos cannot manipulate RTP per player, but they can choose which version of a slot to run. Book of Dead, for instance, ships in multiple RTP variants. A casino may run the 96.21% version or the 94.25% version, depending on the operator’s commercial agreement and market. The deposit method you used does not touch this. But it is worth knowing that the same game title can math differently across operators. That is not a payment issue. It is an operator-level configuration.
Live Dealer and the Mobile Push
Apple Pay depositsApple Pay deposits align naturally with live dealer play on mobile, but the payment method stops mattering the moment the stream loads. What actually influences performance is the operator’s infrastructure: bitrate, server proximity, and whether the iGaming platform optimizes for iOS Safari or a native app. Evolution tables from an Ontario-licensed app generally hold a stable stream. Offshore sites can vary wildly, from near-broadcast quality to frame drops every thirty seconds. If live casino is your primary reason for depositing, test the stream with a small balance before committing larger amounts through any payment channel.
Frequently Asked Questions: Apple Pay Casino Canada
Can I use Apple Pay at online casinos in Canada?
Yes, but availability depends on the operator and the province. Apple Pay works as a deposit method at licensed Ontario casinos and some offshore operators serving other provinces. It is not a withdrawal method. The casino must have a payment service provider that supports Apple Pay for card transactions, and your linked Visa or Mastercard must clear the transaction.
Why does Apple Pay sometimes fail at a casino?
Failures usually come from the issuing bank, not the casino. Apple Pay runs on Visa and Mastercard tokenization, and banks apply their own gambling merchant policies. If the bank blocks the token or flags the transaction as high-risk, you see a generic decline. The casino cannot override that decision, even if your card works elsewhere.
Does Apple Pay work for withdrawals at Canadian casinos?
No. Apple Pay is built for purchases, not payouts. Casinos settle funds back through Interac e-Transfer, bank transfer, or supported e-wallets. Some sites allow withdrawals to a linked card, but that still uses the card network as a refund, not Apple Pay. Always check the casino’s withdrawal list before depositing.
Is Apple Pay safer than entering my card details at a casino?
It is safer in one specific way: the casino never receives your actual card number. Apple Pay uses a device account number and token. However, the underlying transaction still appears on your bank statement as a card payment. If the casino has weak internal security, the protection from tokenization matters less than the operator’s own data practices.
Which Ontario casinos accept Apple Pay?
Several regulated Ontario operators have offered Apple Pay, including LeoVegas, Betway, and PlayOjo, though the exact status changes with processor agreements. The iGaming Ontario list is the best reference for legally licensed options. Because Apple Pay availability can flip without notice, always check the cashier in a logged-out browser before creating an account.
Can I use Apple Pay at offshore casinos outside Ontario?
Yes, some offshore casinos accept Apple Pay from Canadian players in provinces like Alberta or Nova Scotia, but the experience is inconsistent. The operator sits outside AGCO jurisdiction, which affects dispute resolution and responsible gambling protections. Apple Pay does not signal local legitimacy. It is simply a tokenized card deposit that cleared the processor’s rules.
Common Mistakes When Using Apple Pay at Casinos
The first mistake is assuming the casino offers Apple Pay just because the operator’s parent company has it elsewhere. Payment methods are configured per market, per product, and sometimes per skin. A brand like Spin Casino or Luxury Casino might accept Apple Pay in one geographic corridor and remove it in another. It is not a bug; it is a business decision that shifts with acquirer risk.
The second mistake is failing to check whether the deposit counts as a card transaction for bonus purposes. Some casinos exclude e-wallets from welcome offers, and Apple Pay sometimes gets treated like a standard card deposit. That can be good or bad. It is good when the bonus terms allow card deposits. It is bad when the casino’s risk team sees the tokenized payment and flags it as a different method for verification. Read the terms before claiming a bonus with Apple Pay.
A third mistake is depositing on an iPhone with a bank that blocks gambling purchases. Apple Pay does not bypass bank restrictions. If your card declines on a standard casino deposit, it will decline through Apple Pay as well. Some players assume the token changes the risk profile. It does not. The issuing bank still sees the merchant category code and applies the same rules.
Finally, people forget that Apple Pay deposits can settle days later for the casino while the player immediately plays. That credit lag occasionally causes a hold on withdrawals if the player wins quickly and the funds have not cleared the operator’s merchant account. Operator policy varies, but a large withdrawal after a fresh Apple Pay deposit sometimes triggers extra verification, especially at offshore brands with no local oversight.
Responsible Gambling and the Payment Illusion
There is an uncomfortable truth about frictionless payments in online gambling: when deposits take two seconds, the player loses a natural pause. Interac e-Transfer already reduced friction. Apple Pay reduces it further. You tap, the balance appears, the slot spins. That is excellent for operators and often bad for bankroll management. The payment method is not the problem. The absence of a deliberate decision point is.
Ontario’s regulated market pushes deposit limits, self-exclusion options, and reality checks. iGaming Ontario requires operators to offer responsible gambling tools. Offshore operators often have weaker versions of these tools. If you choose to deposit via Apple Pay at a regulated Ontario casino, set a daily deposit limit inside the account before you ever tap the cashier. That one action does more for your budget than any payment method comparison.
For players outside Ontario, the emphasis is different. You may be using Apple Pay at an operator that falls outside Canadian regulation, which means the responsible gambling protections are governed by a foreign licence. The tools may still exist, but enforcement depends on the operator. If you ever feel the casino is not honouring its own limits, stop depositing. There is no Apple Pay feature that saves you from a difficult interaction with a customer support team in another time zone.
The 2026 Outlook for Apple Pay and Canadian Casinos
Apple Pay adoption will likely grow inside Ontario’s regulated market as operators push mobile acquisition. The province’s private iGaming environment benefits from a younger demographic that expects contactless payments. Processors like Nuvei and PayNearMe will continue expanding Apple Pay capabilities for licensed operators, because the regulated market provides a cleaner compliance profile than the offshore segment. That means a player in Ontario should see more Apple Pay badges, not fewer, by the end of the year.
Outside Ontario, the picture is murkier. Offshore operators face increasing pressure to regionalize their payment stacks. Some will add Apple Pay to look modern without significantly improving the rest of their operation. Others will drop it because the chargeback exposure outweighs the conversion lift. For a player in Alberta, British Columbia, or the Atlantic provinces, Apple Pay will remain a convenience that occasionally disappears without explanation. The best approach is to treat it as a bonus feature, not a core requirement for selecting a casino.
There is also the question of how Apple Card expansion could change things. As of 2026, Apple Card is not available in Canada. If that changes, the conversation around Apple Pay at casinos could shift, because Apple’s own card would alter the economics of tokenized deposits. For now, that remains speculative. Canadian Apple Pay casino transactions will continue riding Visa and Mastercard rails, with all the friction those networks carry for gaming merchants.
Final Verdict: Should You Choose a Casino Because It Takes Apple Pay?
No. Apple Pay is a convenience layer, not a reason to sign up. The casino’s licence, game selection, withdrawal speed, and responsible gambling infrastructure matter far more than whether you can tap a button instead of typing in card details. If you are in Ontario, pick a regulated operator first, then check whether Apple Pay is listed. If you are outside Ontario, the Apple Pay badge should rank near the bottom of your decision criteria, behind payout history and customer support reliability.
The honest summary is this: Apple Pay works at the right Canadian casinos, it protects your card number in a specific way, and it adds no value on withdrawals. The market’s fragmentation means your experience will vary by province and by week. For the few players who genuinely care about tokenized deposits on iOS, Apple Pay delivers. For everyone else, Interac and a bit of patience remain the better default.